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The denomination of californian red worm embraces a group of specimens; one of them, the
eisenya foetida,was selected in the state of California during the 50 decade because of its short reproduction cycle (four times a year), because of the high frecuency of mating (produces 1 cocoon each 7
or 10 days), its superior longevity (15 years), its docility for reduced environment breeding, its voracity and owing to the previous causes its major velocity and volume of worm humus or
vermicompost production.
From only one worm you attain around 10.000
descendants ending the 1 year according to the following table that considers averages such as: 1 cocoon per worm each 10 days ,3 worms being born per cocoon (3x3=9 , 27 after 3
months) and with a 50-70% of loss for migration or death it still remains between 8 and 13 worms starting from 1 worm, with an average of 10 from 1 in 3 months.
REPRODUCTION TABLE
1
worm |
1
cycle of 3 months |
10
worms after 3 months |
1
worm |
4
cycles of 3 months |
10x10x10x10=10.000
per year |
About vermicompost production the rates are shown in the next table considering averages such as : 1 adult worm with a weight of 1 gr, feeds its weight per day ,it means 1gr, it excrets the 60% like humus or wormcompost , it means 0,6gr.
PRODUCTION TABLE
0 month |
up to 3
months |
up to 6
months |
up to 9
months |
up to 12
months |
initial stock of worms |
1*generation |
2*generation |
3*generation |
4*generation |
1000 |
10.000 |
100.000 |
1.000.000 |
10.000.000 |
worms
1kg |
10 |
100 |
1.000 |
10.000 |
food=
1kg/day |
10 |
100 |
1.000 |
10.000 |
Vermicompost
0,6kg /day |
6 |
60 |
600 |
6.000 |
protein
0,04kg/day |
0,4 |
4 |
40 |
400 |
1.Humidity: From the beginning 70% up to
40% the end to facilite feeding and make easier sliding trough the material, without reaching overflowed levels in which the material
decays itself owing to the unaerate fermentation and worms death as a consequence.
2.Ventilation: you must air beds for a right normal development and breathing through worm skin and owing to the fault of air it will be a vermicompost delay just because of the restrictions caused by compacting on breeding, sliding , matting and/or reproduction.
3.Temperature: best status 12-25 C. To increase worms 20-25 C and to cocoons development 12-15 C.
4. pH: best status 7
5.Water: high levels on salt contents in water don't necessary help cocoons production, however Na salts results toxic to vegetals devaluating vermicompost.
The consequences are: missing or bad composted food (adequate balance of N, C o hydrates of carbon, P, K y
vitamins and others) or predators presence(ants, toads, birds), obtaining low results in production and money loss.
Worms high devouring ability joined to explosive increase.
Since worms are born they can feed themselves when humedity and compost are favorable. Worms open their mouth and introduce food at the same time they are sliding into the soil.
Worms possess both male and female genitals, exchanging
esperm and liberating cocoons in a frecuency of 1 each
7 o 10 days, conteining 3 to 20 eggs (according to better or worse ambiental conditions) protected by a viscous substance elaborated by each of them.
25 to 30 days will be enough for incubation and 60 to 70 days to mature and to be in conditions of mating.
Worms reproduction cycle takes place 4 times a year: from a single worm you obtain 10.000 descendants in 1 year.
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don manuel s.a.
